The federal government's relief program for small businesses got off to a rocky start start Friday, with only some businesses able to apply and several banks either not accepting applications or seeing long waits to do approvals.
Millions of small businesses are expected to apply for these desperately needed rescue loans from the $349 billion Paycheck Protection Program, which was put in place to help them retain workers and pay bills during the coronavirus pandemic. Roughly 5,200 loans valued at $1.8 billion have been processed so far, said Jovita Carranza, administrator of the Small Business Administration., on Friday afternoon.
The program is being overseen by the SBA but banks are handling the application process. Some large lenders like Wells Fargo, Huntington Bank and Bank of America were ready to go at the program's outset. BofA said its gotten 28,000 applications so far. But JPMorgan Chase only started accepting applications Friday afternoon after saying earlier that it wouldn't.
Ted Stein, who operates a small software business in West Virginia, filled out an online form Thursday through PNC Bank, saying he was interested in applying. On Friday, a bank representative told Stein he was unaware that the form was on its website. After Stein explained to him where to find it, the representative told Stein the bank wasn't accepting applications and that he should keep checking his online account for guidance in the coming hours and days, Stein said.
"It was almost comical, but heartbreaking. It's tragicomedy, I guess," he said.
Even those banks accepting applications were limited in who they could accept. Bank of America said the loans were available to customers who had business deposit accounts and business loans with the bank.
The program is part of the $2 trillion relief package signed into law last week, which was billed as a way to help local businesses that often form the fabric of communities stay afloat. The program will give businesses low-interest loans of about 2.5 times their average monthly payroll. The loans will be fully or partially forgiven if businesses show that the money was used to retain or rehire employees and pay some overhead expenses through June 30.
Despite the hiccups Friday, the loan program got praise from former Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew, who served in the Obama administration.
"It is OK to make some mistakes here" because the key need is for speed, Lew said in an interview on CNBC.
"For these small businesses, it is a matter of life and death," Lew said, adding that if the businesses can't rehire workers it will impede the effort to get a recovery started once the virus is contained.
The need for assistance was underscored by a NFIB this week that showed that 92% of small employers are negatively impacted by the outbreak of the coronavirus with 80% of those respondents saying their sales are down and 31% reporting supply chain disruptions.
"Many small businesses in Tennessee are at a critical juncture," said Jim Brown, state director for the NFIB in Tennessee. "Small business owners are awaiting COVID-related guidance on the loan application process and unemployment. It's a fluid situation for many small businesses and their employees."
Asked how long they can continue to operate under current conditons, about half of small employers say they can survive for no more than two months, and about one-third believe they can remain operational for 3-6 months. About 29% of small employers have talked with someone at their bank or with the Small Business Administration about finance options, and 23% are planning to do so soon.
The CARES Act includes new small business loans through the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP). Almost two-thirds of small employers plan to apply for the loan. The PPP is another targeted loan assistance program to help small businesses weather the rapidly changing economic crisis.
Going into the program's launch Friday, the banking industry had been trying to temper expectations about how many businesses will get the cash they need on Friday. Banks large and small will have to process these loans as quickly as possible in order to get their customers a slice of the program.
The banks have moved employees into new departments - a logistical challenge given many employees are working remotely - just to potentially keep up with the flood of applications. Not only that, but thousands of their employees are either sick or quarantined because of the virus.
Although Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin said money could be disbursed as early as Friday, at least some banks seemed to be hedging any bets on being able to deliver cash that quickly. When Jordan Gurrieri submitted his application to Bank of America, the receipt he got said, "we will process your application as soon as possible."
Gurrieri, co-founder of New York-based app developer Blue Label Labs, called the process "rough." It took him more than 30 minutes to submit his application to Bank of America, more than three times what some other owners have reported.
While Congress could approve more money later on, the program as it stands is expected to run out quickly. That could mean applicants who have the financial and legal expertise of a larger organization might be able to maximize their benefits, not leaving much for smaller businesses, especially those who wait or have problems applying.
Congress made the program as wide as possible. An expansive definition of "small business" in the law means that it will be open to much more than just Main Street shops as lenders start processing applications. Bankers recommend applying for the loans through the bank they already have accounts with to speed along the process as quickly as possible.
Independent contractors and the self-employed are not eligible to apply until April 10 under guidance from the Treasury Department. By then, banks could be overwhelmed with applications.
"It's hard for me to say this: There is only $350 billion in this fund. Every big restaurant and hotel chain is going to be going after this money. It's not going to last," said Ron Feldman, chief development officer at ApplePie Capital, which has been helping businesses get ready to apply.