This story is free to read.

Nobel physics prize awarded to 3 for topology work

FILE- In this file photo dated Friday, April 17, 2015, a national library employee shows the gold Nobel Prize medal awarded to the late novelist Gabriel Garcia Marquez, in Bogota, Colombia. There is no bigger international honor than the Nobel Prize, created by 19th-century Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel, and the 2016 laureates will be named over the coming days to join the pantheon of greats who were honored in years gone by. (AP Photo/Fernando Vergara, FILE) FILE- In this file photo dated Friday, April 17, 2015, a national library employee shows the gold Nobel Prize medal awarded to the late novelist Gabriel Garcia Marquez, in Bogota, Colombia. There is no bigger international honor than the Nobel Prize, created by 19th-century Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel, and the 2016 laureates will be named over the coming days to join the pantheon of greats who were honored in years gone by. (AP Photo/Fernando Vergara, FILE)

By Associated Press October 4, 2016 1 min read

STOCKHOLM (AP) – David Thouless, Duncan Haldane and Michael Kosterlitz have been awarded this year’s Nobel Prize in physics.

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on Tuesday cited their “theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter.”