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Thursday, October 29, 2026Oct 29

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The secret bias hidden in mortgage-approval algorithms

Crystal Marie McDaniels poses in front of her home in Charlotte, N.C., on Friday, July 9, 2021. Mcdaniels said buying a house was crucial for her because she wants to pass on wealth to her son someday, giving him an advantage she never had. So when the loan officer told her the deal wasn't going to happen, she refused to give up. (AP Photo/Nell Redmond)
Crystal Marie McDaniels poses in front of her home in Charlotte, N.C., on Friday, July 9, 2021. Mcdaniels said buying a house was crucial for her because she wants to pass on wealth to her son someday, giving him an advantage she never had. So when the loan officer told her the deal wasn't going to happen, she refused to give up. (AP Photo/Nell Redmond) Crystal Marie McDaniels poses in front of her home in Charlotte, N.C., on Friday, July 9, 2021. Mcdaniels said buying a house was crucial for her because she wants to pass on wealth to her son someday, giving him an advantage she never had. So when the loan officer told her the deal wasn't going to happen, she refused to give up. (AP Photo/Nell Redmond)

The new four-bedroom house in Charlotte, North Carolina, was Crystal Marie and Eskias McDaniels’ personal American dream, the reason they had moved there from pricey Los Angeles.

A lush, long lawn, 2,700 square feet of living space, gleaming kitchen, and a neighborhood pool and playground for their son, Nazret. All for $375,000.

Pre-qualifying for the mortgage was a breeze: They had high credit scores, earned roughly six figures each and had saved more they would need for the down payment.

But two days before they were supposed to sign, in August 2019, the loan officer called Crystal Marie with bad news: The deal wasn’t going to close.

“It seemed like it was getting rejected by an algorithm,” she said, “and then there was a person who could step in and decide to override that or not.”