Q: With summer in full swing, how can I tell the difference between heat stroke and heat exhaustion?
A: During the summer months, heat-related illnesses become a significant concern. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 600 people in the United States die from extreme heat every year. The key to preventing severe consequences is understanding the differences between heat exhaustion and heat stroke.
Heat exhaustion occurs when your body overheats due to prolonged exposure to high temperatures and humidity, often exacerbated by strenuous physical activity. Dehydration, alcohol use and wearing excess clothing can also contribute to this condition. Symptoms of heat exhaustion include heavy sweating, paleness, muscle cramps, extreme tiredness and weakness, dizziness and headache. These symptoms can develop gradually or come on suddenly.
If you or someone else is experiencing these symptoms, it’s crucial to act quickly. Stop all activity, move to a cool place and rest. Drinking cool water or a sports drink with electrolytes can help. If symptoms worsen or do not improve within an hour, seek medical attention immediately. Without treatment, heat exhaustion can progress to heat stroke.