Q: Can boosting my fiber intake during the holidays help me avoid diverticulitis?
A: As we gather for holiday meals full of rich foods and sweet treats, it is easy to forget that our digestive systems may not celebrate quite as happily. This time of year is when colorectal surgeons often see an increase in diverticulitis, which is an inflammation of small pockets that can form in the colon wall. Fiber is not a treatment for diverticulitis once it occurs, but it plays an important role in prevention, and the holidays are a perfect time to pay attention to how much you are getting.
The FDA recommends 25 to 35 grams of fiber a day, but the typical holiday dinner contains only about 8 grams while providing more than 700 calories. Even fruits and vegetables, which are usually the healthiest choices on the table, lose much of their benefit once they are covered in sugar, sauces, or cream. For example, green bean casserole contains only 3 grams of fiber, and canned cranberry relish has none. Eating the same amount of real cranberries gives you 4 grams.
A low-fiber diet over many years can increase pressure in the colon and contribute to the formation of diverticula, which are small pockets most commonly found in the left colon. The presence of these pockets is called diverticulosis. When the pockets become inflamed, it is called diverticulitis. This condition can cause symptoms such as lower abdominal pain, cramps, diarrhea, changes in bowel habits, or even rectal bleeding. Mild cases may be managed at home with antibiotics and dietary changes, while more severe episodes may require hospitalization. Surgery is reserved for recurrent or complicated cases.
The good news is that adding more dietary fiber — such as fruits, vegetables, grains and legumes — helps reduce the risk of complications. If reaching 25 grams of fiber through food alone feels difficult, a daily over-the-counter fiber supplement such as Metamucil, Citrucel or Benefiber can help. Increase fiber gradually to avoid gas or bloating, and take supplements daily for the best results.